賓語從句知識點總結

賓語從句的語序

賓語從句的語序：在複合句中，賓語從句部分要用陳述語序。

(1) 陳述句作由that引導的賓語從句時，語序不用調整。

(2) 一般疑問句作賓語從句時，其結構爲whether / if +陳述句。原一般疑問句的主語前如果是助動詞do / does / did，應去掉，謂語動詞應改爲其相應的形式;原一般疑問句的主語前如果是don’t / doesn’t / didn’t，則直接將其放到主語之後;原一般疑問句的主語前如果是be 動詞、情態動詞或其他助動詞，則應將其放到主語之後。如：

Does he like apples? I don’t know. ----- I don’t know whether he likes apples.

He asks: Is Tom a diver? ----- He asks whether Tom is a driver.

(3) 特殊疑問句作賓語從句時， 如果疑問詞作主語或主語的定語，其語序不用變化;如果疑問詞充當其他句子成分，則賓語從句的結構爲連接代詞 / 連接副詞+陳述句。如：

Who can answer the question? I want to know. ----- I want to know who can answer the question.

Whose book is on the desk? We all know. ----- We all know whose book is on the desk.

When will they arrive? Please tell us. ----- Please tell us when they will arrive.

賓語從句的.引導詞

(1) 陳述句作賓語從句引導詞用that。that在從句中不充當任何句子成分，無實際意思，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：

He said (that) it was cold in Moscow. Mother knows (that) Jim will work hard.

(2) 一般疑問句作賓語從句引導詞用whether或if。whether或if表示“是否、是不是”的意思，不能省略。如：

I want to know if / whether the answer is right. Lucy asked if / whether they had a cheaper shirt.

(3) 特殊疑問句作賓語從句引導詞用原來的疑問詞，只不過在賓語從句中稱作連接代詞或連接副詞。連接代詞或連接副詞在從句中充當一定的句子成分，有一定的意思，不能省略。如：

Please tell him which class you are in. He asked me whom I was waiting for.

Could you tell me where the post office is? Please ask the teacher how we can get there.