大學聯考英語基本句型語法

英語的.五種基本句型結構：

主語 + 不及物動詞 (SV)

主語 + 連繫動詞 (SVC)

主語 + 及物動詞 + 賓語 (SVO)

主語 + 及物動詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語(SVOD)

主語 + 及物動詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語(SVOC)

1. S + V

He works. He is studying.

① 主語＋謂語(vi.) ＋ 狀語(從句)

The sun sets in the west. He went nowhere

② 主語＋謂語(vi.) ＋ 名詞短語

We had come a long way. He waited (for) two years.

2. S + V + C

He is a student / in yellow / there…

① 主語 + be + 表語表語由下列詞充當：名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞（短語）、動詞不定式、分詞（短語）、動名詞、從句等

② 主語 + 其它連繫動詞 + 表語這些連繫動詞包括：appear, continue, feel, go(變成), keep, lie(處於…狀態), look, prove, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, become, come, fall, get, grow, turn

Bob lay sick.

His dream comes true.

3. S + V + O

An idea struck me.

① 主語＋謂語(v. + prep)＋賓語

It depends on the weather. 備用詞：act as, agree on / with / to,

arrive in (at), come across, base on, break into, suffer from, lead to,

prefer to, think of, fire at, reach for, quarrel about, worry about

② 主語＋謂語(v. + adv.)＋賓語

I thought over the plan. I thought it over.

備用詞：bring out (up), think out, turn off (on , out, down), give in

NOTICE: v + adv. + prep.

get along with, add up to, do away with,

break away with, keep up with, go ahead with, go through with

v. + n. + prep make use of, make fun of, catch sight of,

take care of, take the place of, take a look at, take pride in

③ 主語＋謂語＋賓語＋介詞＋賓語

The teacher punished him for being late.

Congratulate him on his success.

Compare this with that.

4. S + V + O + D (間接賓語由代詞和名詞充當)

① 主語 + 謂語 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語

Will you lend me your pen, please ?

She bought him many toys.

② 主語 + 謂語 + 直接賓語 + 介詞 + 代詞或名詞

Will you lend your pen to me, please ?

She bought many toys for him.

備用詞：pay, give, hand, sell, pass, offer, explain, sing, leave

5. S + V + O + C 賓語和賓補之間的關係有兩種：主表關係；

主謂關係。賓語可由形容詞、副詞、介詞、動詞不定式充當

主表：① I find the book interesting. (主謂賓＋形容詞)

② I saw him there. (主謂賓＋副詞)

③ I found the book on the desk.(主謂賓＋介詞)

④ We elected him monitor. (主謂賓＋名詞)

主謂：①They saw the thief running away. (主謂賓 + 現在分詞）

②Where did you see him knocked down?(主謂賓＋過分詞)

③ What makes you think so ?(主謂賓＋動詞不定式)