會考英語誤區： 誤用語言規則

會考英語動態:會考英語誤區三 誤用語言規則

誤區三 誤用語言規則

1. 表示時間、距離、金錢、重量、數量等名詞作主語

①Ten years are quite a long time. (×）

②Ten years is quite a long time. (√)

[解析] 表示時間、距離、金錢、重量、數量等名詞的複數作主語時看作一個整體，謂語動詞要用單數，容易錯誤理解爲複數而出現第①句的錯誤。

2. 由and連接的並列主語

①The twentieth lesson and last lesson are very easy for students. (×）

②The twentieth lesson and last lesson is very easy for students. (√)

[解析] the twentieth lesson and last lesson是表示同一概念，譯爲“第20課即最後一課”，因此謂語動詞應該用單數。同學們容易錯誤理解“第20課和最後一課”，如果表示兩課，應該表達爲“the twentieth lesson and the last lesson”。

特別提醒 由and連接的並列主語表示同一概念時，謂語動詞用單數，表示不同的概念時謂語動詞用複數。

3. 就近原則

①Neither you nor he have been to Beijing. (×）

②Neither you nor he has been to Beijing. (√)

[解析] neither . . . nor連接的並列主語(you ， he)雖然表示兩個人，但根據語言規則，當它連接並列主語的'時候，謂語動詞根據就近原則，該由he決定，因此第②句正確。

特別提醒 類似的還有either . . . or，not only . . . but also，not . . . but，以及there be之後的並列主語，謂語動詞的確定都根據“就近原則”。

4. this kind of，a piece of，this pair of等短語作主語

①This pair of trousers are very new, but Tom’s trousers are very old. (×）

②This pair of trousers is very new, but Tom’s trousers are very old. (√)

[解析] trousers作主語時，謂語動詞用複數，但當它被this pair of修飾時謂語動詞由pair的單複數確定。因此第②句正確。

特別提醒 this kind of，a piece of，a bag of，a box of等，這類短語作主語時謂語動詞的單複數由這些短語中的名詞決定，而與它們所修飾的名詞無關。

5. the rest of, half of等短語作主語

①Half of the students have finished most of the work. The rest of it are very difficult. (×）

②Half of the students have finished most of the work. The rest of it is very difficult. (√)

[解析] 根據句意和句子結構可以判斷the rest of it中的it，指the work，而work是不可數名詞，因此第②句正確。

特別提醒 all of，most of，half of，the rest of，以及a lot of，some，any+名詞作主語時，要根據後面的名詞確定謂語動詞的單複數。

6. 一句話提示

①合成不定代詞(如something，anybody等)作主語，謂語動詞用單數；

②動名詞、不定式、從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數；

③a number of +名詞(復)作主語，謂語用複數，the number of +名詞(復)作主語，謂語用單數；

④none of . . . 作主語時，謂語動詞可用單數，也可用複數。

金題精練

根據句意，從所給出的選項中選出最佳答案。

1. The news _____ very worth listening to.

A. be B. is C. are D. am

2. —_____ this pair of glasses yours？

—No. My glasses _____ on the desk.

A. Is， is B. Are， is C. Is， are D. Are， are

3. The old _____ taken good care of in China now.

A. was B. are C. is D. were

4. Nobody except the twins ___ to Hongkong before.

A. have been B. have gone

C. has been D. has gone

5. —What’s on the plate？

—There _____ some rice on it.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

6. Five years _____ since we met last.

A. have passed B. has past

C. has passed D. have pasted

7. Here _____ some flowers for you.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

8. There __________ a number of teachers， but the number of women teachers ________ only thirty.

A. are， are B. are， is C. is， are D. is， is

9. Not only my uncle but also my parents _______ I am right.

A. think B. thank C. thinks D. are thinking

10. Doing morning exercises _____ good for our health.

A. be B. are C. is D. am

11. Everyone likes people who _____ ready to help others.

A. is B. are C. being D. was

12. The Smith family _____ making dumplings in the kitchen.

A. is B. are C. has been D. can

13. One third of the population in our city ______ farmers in the past.

A. are B. were C. is D. was

14. The headmaster and the teacher ______ coming to us now.

A. are B. is C. will D. am

15. Tom as well as his friends _____ skating every Saturday.

A. are B. is C. go D. goes

(Keys： 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. D)